Section 20 representation

The Steps To File Your Claim

If you are ready to file a dismissal claim, here are the actual steps involved.

What Are The Steps To File Your Claim

The process starts with a written representation to the Director General of Industrial Relations, lodged within 60 days of your dismissal, asking to be reinstated1. This step is what formally opens your case.

Once filed, the Department arranges conciliation, usually one or two sessions where an officer mediates between you and your employer2. Solicitors are not permitted to represent either side here, so you attend and speak for yourself.

What Happens If Conciliation Does Not Settle It

If conciliation does not resolve the dispute, the case moves directly from the Director General to the Industrial Court, without the ministerial screening step that used to exist before 20213. This step happens without a separate application from you.

At that stage, the process becomes more formal, with both sides presenting evidence and documents. This is also where a lawyer can represent you directly, unlike at conciliation.

What Happens Between The Steps

Between filing and conciliation, there is usually a waiting period while the Department processes your representation and sets a date. This gap is normal and does not mean anything has stalled.

Using this time to organise documents, rather than waiting anxiously, puts you in a stronger position once conciliation is actually scheduled.

Preparing For Each Step

Start by confirming your dates on the 60-day deadline calculator, since filing cannot happen without them. The Section 20 representation entity page explains what the written claim itself should say.

For more on what happens at a hearing, see the Industrial Court entity page and the guide on the Industrial Court claim process. Each stage rewards a little preparation ahead of time.

A lawyer can help you prepare for conciliation and, if needed, for a hearing, so each step goes as smoothly as your facts allow.

If you want to understand exactly what each step of filing will look like for your case, a lawyer can walk you through it.

Common questions

What is the very first step in the process

Writing and lodging your representation with the Director General of Industrial Relations within 60 days of your dismissal. This is the step that formally starts your case.

What happens right after I file

The Department arranges conciliation, usually one or two sessions with an officer mediating. You attend and speak for yourself, since solicitors do not take part at this stage.

What is the step after conciliation

If conciliation does not resolve the dispute, the Director General refers the case directly to the Industrial Court, without a separate approval step to wait for.

Is there anything I need to do between steps

Mainly keeping your documents organised and staying reachable, since the Department contacts you directly about conciliation dates. Preparing with a lawyer beforehand is optional but common.

Sources

  1. An employee who considers they were dismissed without just cause or excuse may make a written representation to the Director General of Industrial Relations, asking to be reinstated, within 60 days of the dismissal Mah Weng Kwai & Associates (accessed 2026-09-22)
  2. After a representation is lodged, the Industrial Relations Department arranges conciliation, usually one or two sessions where an officer mediates; solicitors are not permitted to represent parties at conciliation Mah Weng Kwai & Associates (accessed 2026-09-22)
  3. Since the Industrial Relations (Amendment) Act 2020 came into force on 1 January 2021, the Director General now refers a case that does not settle at conciliation directly to the Industrial Court MECA (accessed 2026-09-22)

If you want to understand exactly what each step of filing will look like for your case, a lawyer can walk you through it.